nanocapsules emulsion h nanoparticles t �� microparticles fig indomethacin concentrations attained in the aqueous humor following the topical application, in rabbits, of indomethacinloaded carriers and a control drug solution mean values � sd, n = , p compared with indocollyre p compared with colloidal suspensions reprinted from ref , with permission from pharmaceutical press immunosuppressive peptide cyclosporin a interestingly, following topical administration of pecl nanocapsules containing cyclosporin a, bupropion other names also known as we observed corneal levels of the drug which were five times higher than those provided by an oily solution topical formulation of cyclosporin typically used these high levels were not, bupropion other names also known as however, translated into high drug concentrations in the aqueous humor a result that was attributed to the important hydrophobicity of this peptide and its tendency to associate with lypophylic components therefore, at present, there is a proofofconcept of the efficacy of polyester nanocapsules for enhancing the concentration of topically applied drugs in the bupropion other names also known as corneal epithelium whether this enhanced concentration may or may not lead to a favored accumulation of the drug in the inner eye bupropion other names also known as is expected to be largely dependent on the bupropion other names also known as physicochemical characteristics of the drug polysaccharidebased nanoparticles the polyester polymers described above are hydrophobic polymers that need to be biodegraded into hydrophilic oligomers in order to be eliminated from the body a very different class of polymers, which has only received attention in the last few years, is the one represented by the hydrophilic polysaccharides hyaluronic acid and chitosan are bupropion other names also known as two types of polysaccharides which have opened new prospects in the ocular drug delivery area bupropion other names also known as the choice of hyaluronic acid has been justified by its bioadhesive character, but also by its well known safety profile in fact, bupropion other names also known as hyaluronic acid is already being used as a substitute for vitreous humor in intraocular surgery, since it constitutes a basic component of the vitreous body on the other hand, chitosan is a polycationic biopolymer which exhibits several favorable biological properties for ocular drug administration these properties include mucoadhesiveness biodegradability in the rich lysozyme containing mucus ie ocular mucosa, and also wound healing and antimicrobial activity despite the number of articles showing the efficacy of hyaluronic bupropion other names also known as acid solutions for improving the retention of drugs applied topically onto the eye, the only bupropion other names also known as particulate formulation that has been tested in vivo bupropion other names also known as was composed of microparticles zm rather than nanoparticles these hyaluronate microparticles were shown to increase the residence time of the model drug methylprednisolone at the period cramps and asprin ocular surface of the rabbit eye taking into account the reported influence of the size on the interaction of particles bupropion other names also known as with the ocular mucosa, we have recently designed bupropion other names also known as nanoparticles consisting of hyaluronic acid and chitosan bupropion other names also known as at present, we know that these nanoparticles are stable upon incubation in simulated lachrymal fluids and in vivo studies are in progress in bupropion other names also known as order to evaluate their mechanism of interaction with the ocular mucosa chitosan has also received bupropion other names also known as significant attention in the ophthalmic field one of the chitosanbased systems that has exhibited an interesting behavior following topical ocular administration, is the one consisting of chitosan nanoparticles these nanoparticles bupropion other names also known as have been tested on the rabbit model for their ability to enhance the concentration of bupropion other names also known as cyclosporin a at the level of the ocular mucosa as expected, the results showed that bupropion other names also known as the chitosan nanoparticles were able to increase the concentrations of cyclosporin a in the external ocular tissues cornea and conjunctiva significantly for up to hr postinstillation fig despite this enhanced bupropion other names also known as retention of the drug in the external bupropion other names also known as tissues, the levels attained in the internal ocular structures ie aqueous humor, iris and ciliary body and in the blood were negligible consequently, bupropion other names also known as these results suggested the utility of this bupropion other names also known as new formulation for the treatment of surface eye diseases, ie dry eye or inflammatory diseases bupropion other names also known as these high drug concentrations restricted to the periocular tissues were later explained by a high bupropion other names also known as corneal and conjunctival surface retention of chitosan nanoparticles indeed, in a study synthroid 50mcg symptoms consisting of evaluating the concentration of fluorescent chitosan, either in the bupropion other names also known as form of nanoparticles or as a solution, bupropion other names also known as in cornea and conjunctiva, we could conclude that bupropion other names also known as the affinity of chitosan for the ocular surface is greater when it is in a bupropion other names also known as particulate form this conclusion invites interesting prospects with regard to the potential of chitosan nanoparticles as drug carriers for topical ocular administration bupropion other names also known as keeping this in mind, we tested the acute bupropion other names also known as tolerance of chitosan nanoparticles following topical instillation to rabbits very recently the results gave evidence of an excellent tolerance, without any sign of irritation or damage of the ocular surface bupropion other names also known as structures cya concentration in the cornea ng cyag cornea ?